With Kristan and Simo in the studio today, is one Mr Unathi Kamlana, Commissioner of the FCSA.  Joining Kristan is Nocturnal Unwrap's newest co-host, Simo Zulu.  They begin by touching on Mr Kamlana's time with the FSCA, as its first Commissioner. They proceed to discuss the FSCA's transformation strategies and how it has been subject to public consultation before its interim period. Kristan discusses the regulatory burden on intermediaries, and Simo talks about criticism from the Freedom Market Foundation during the introduction of the Twin Peaks model. Lastly, Mr Kamlana elaborates on the financial literacy drive that has been launched and general consumer education, before they round off with how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected his first year at the helm.  Tune in to listen to what they had to say. Have a listen to Phila's previous podcast with Mr Unathi Kamlana as well: https://anchor.fm/novamentis/episodes/12-Unathi-Kamlana-Commissioner--Financial-Sector-Conduct-Authority-on-the-Twin-Peaks-Regulatory-Model-e17g2es

With Kristan and Simo in the studio today, is one Mr Unathi Kamlana, Commissioner of the FCSA.  Joining Kristan is Nocturnal Unwrap's newest co-host, Simo Zulu.  They begin by touching on Mr Kamlana's time with the FSCA, as its first Commissioner. They proceed to discuss the FSCA's transformation strategies and how it has been subject to public consultation before its interim period. Kristan discusses the regulatory burden on intermediaries, and Simo talks about criticism from the Freedom Market Foundation during the introduction of the Twin Peaks model. Lastly, Mr Kamlana elaborates on the financial literacy drive that has been launched and general consumer education, before they round off with how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected his first year at the helm.  Tune in to listen to what they had to say. Have a listen to Phila's previous podcast with Mr Unathi Kamlana as well: <a href="https://anchor.fm/novamentis/episodes/12-Unathi-Kamlana-Commissioner--Financial-Sector-Conduct-Authority-on-the-Twin-Peaks-Regulatory-Model-e17g2es" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://anchor.fm/novamentis/episodes/12-Unathi-Kamlana-Commissioner--Financial-Sector-Conduct-Authority-on-the-Twin-Peaks-Regulatory-Model-e17g2es</a>

#18: Unathi Kamlana on Market Conduct

Joining Phila today, to discuss the differences between collectivist and individualist modes of social and economic thinking, is the Chief Operating Officer of Stellenbosch University, Professor Stan du Plessis. Prof du Plessis attained his Master of Philosophy in Economics from the University of Cambridge and his PhD in Economics from Stellenbosch University. Professor du Plessis begins by telling us about his own intellectual development - about how he went from "an extremely committed Marxist" to a pro-market economist. He carefully annunciates what led him the way of Karl Marx and how, as a first-year student in 1991, the prospect of a new South Africa excited him. He goes on to talk about his time in London; about studying Marx and Ricardo, under one of the great Marxist scholars of the world at the time, John Eatwell. Yet despite this, it was a short, 140-paged Dostoevsky novel, Notes from Underground, that left him a "very confused ex-Marxist". Phila and Professor du Plessis proceed to unpack the contents of "Notes from Underground" and discuss briefly, the core idea of the book. In addition to this, they explore the valuable contributions contained in Adam Smith's "The Theory of Moral Sentiments", Karl Popper's "The Open Society and its Enemies" as well as Friedrich Hayek's "Constitution of Liberty". Tune in to hear what they have to say. Professor du Plessis' Ted Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUEVZEbNW1g Phila and Prof du Plessis' previous podcasts:  Sound and unsound money: https://open.spotify.com/episode/6S8jtduWKC2HDDn28JahuL?si=8gA4u5MfSjah0Wbtkl6yCQ Monetary policy and money printing: https://open.spotify.com/episode/5iBu4V1snVdOnneyRs2TYI?si=W552aJmwRIG-6-e_fOxxfg

Joining Phila today, to discuss the differences between collectivist and individualist modes of social and economic thinking, is the Chief Operating Officer of Stellenbosch University, Professor Stan du Plessis. Prof du Plessis attained his Master of Philosophy in Economics from the University of Cambridge and his PhD in Economics from Stellenbosch University. Professor du Plessis begins by telling us about his own intellectual development - about how he went from "an extremely committed Marxist" to a pro-market economist. He carefully annunciates what led him the way of Karl Marx and how, as a first-year student in 1991, the prospect of a new South Africa excited him. He goes on to talk about his time in London; about studying Marx and Ricardo, under one of the great Marxist scholars of the world at the time, John Eatwell. Yet despite this, it was a short, 140-paged Dostoevsky novel, Notes from Underground, that left him a "very confused ex-Marxist". Phila and Professor du Plessis proceed to unpack the contents of "Notes from Underground" and discuss briefly, the core idea of the book. In addition to this, they explore the valuable contributions contained in Adam Smith's "The Theory of Moral Sentiments", Karl Popper's "The Open Society and its Enemies" as well as Friedrich Hayek's "Constitution of Liberty". Tune in to hear what they have to say. Professor du Plessis' Ted Talk: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUEVZEbNW1g" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUEVZEbNW1g</a> Phila and Prof du Plessis' previous podcasts: <ul> <li>Sound and unsound money: <a href="https://open.spotify.com/episode/6S8jtduWKC2HDDn28JahuL?si=8gA4u5MfSjah0Wbtkl6yCQ" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank">https://open.spotify.com/episode/6S8jtduWKC2HDDn28JahuL?si=8gA4u5MfSjah0Wbtkl6yCQ</a></li> <li>Monetary policy and money printing: <a href="https://open.spotify.com/episode/5iBu4V1snVdOnneyRs2TYI?si=W552aJmwRIG-6-e_fOxxfg" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank">https://open.spotify.com/episode/5iBu4V1snVdOnneyRs2TYI?si=W552aJmwRIG-6-e_fOxxfg</a></li></ul>

#17: Professor Stan du Plessis on Collectivism and Individualism

Joining Phila today is Nick Hudson. Nick, in addition to being one of the co-founders of PANDA - as well as its spokesperson - is an actuary, investor and private equity specialist. He joins Phila today to, firstly, talk about his ban from Twitter. Briefly thereafter, Nick opens up about some of the books that had a lasting intellectual (and moral) impression on him. Foremost among these books is David Deutsh's "The Beginning of Infinity".  Nick talks about what he found appealing about the book and how it has helped him conceptualise and properly ground his own scientific reasoning. To expand on the Popperianism found Deutsch's book, Phila and Nick talk about how religion fits into this paradigm, with references made to CS Lewis' "Mere Christianity". Lastly, Nick talks about how the pandemic has reminded him of the insights found in Alexandr Solzhenitsyn's "Gulag Archipelago" and why telling the truth is so important to him. Nick goes on to explain why he thinks speaking up against what one believes to be wrong is a moral obligation and that going along with what one is deeply suspicious of only works to aid and abet the corrupt. Tune in to hear what Nick and Phila have to say.

Joining Phila today is Nick Hudson. Nick, in addition to being one of the co-founders of PANDA - as well as its spokesperson - is an actuary, investor and private equity specialist. He joins Phila today to, firstly, talk about his ban from Twitter. Briefly thereafter, Nick opens up about some of the books that had a lasting intellectual (and moral) impression on him. Foremost among these books is David Deutsh's "The Beginning of Infinity".  Nick talks about what he found appealing about the book and how it has helped him conceptualise and properly ground his own scientific reasoning. To expand on the Popperianism found Deutsch's book, Phila and Nick talk about how religion fits into this paradigm, with references made to CS Lewis' "Mere Christianity". Lastly, Nick talks about how the pandemic has reminded him of the insights found in Alexandr Solzhenitsyn's "Gulag Archipelago" and why telling the truth is so important to him. Nick goes on to explain why he thinks speaking up against what one believes to be wrong is a moral obligation and that going along with what one is deeply suspicious of only works to aid and abet the corrupt. Tune in to hear what Nick and Phila have to say.

#16: Nick Hudson's take on "The Beginning of Infinity"

Joining me today - and making a second appearance on the podcast - is the Chief Operating Officer of Stellenbosch University, Professor Stan du Plessis. Prof du Plessis attained his Master of Philosophy in Economics from the University of Cambridge and his PhD in Economics from Stellenbosch University. He joins me today to explore the concepts of sound and unsound money. We explore the evolution of money and the societal changes that have accompanied it. We talk about how technological advancements have changed the way we think about money and have caused the usurpation of what Saifedean Ammous - the author of The Bitcoin Standard - referred to as "primitive moneys". Furthermore, we explore some of the contributions made by some of the biggest and most influential names in economics, which include but are not limited to John Maynard Keynes, Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek. In discussing inflationism, we zoom in on Hayek's "A tiger by the tale" allegory as well as Keynes' "The economic consequences of the peace" about which Prof du Plessis says "is one of those cases where an economist really nailed it. He really got it exactly right". Moreover, we talk about the need for - and rationale of - economic decentralisation, as laid out by Hayek in "The use of knowledge in society" and then segue into a brief discussion about cryptocurrencies and the opportunities - as well as the problems - it introduces.

Joining me today - and making a second appearance on the podcast - is the Chief Operating Officer of Stellenbosch University, Professor Stan du Plessis. Prof du Plessis attained his Master of Philosophy in Economics from the University of Cambridge and his PhD in Economics from Stellenbosch University. He joins me today to explore the concepts of sound and unsound money. We explore the evolution of money and the societal changes that have accompanied it. We talk about how technological advancements have changed the way we think about money and have caused the usurpation of what Saifedean Ammous - the author of The Bitcoin Standard - referred to as "primitive moneys". Furthermore, we explore some of the contributions made by some of the biggest and most influential names in economics, which include but are not limited to John Maynard Keynes, Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek. In discussing inflationism, we zoom in on Hayek's "A tiger by the tale" allegory as well as Keynes' "The economic consequences of the peace" about which Prof du Plessis says "is one of those cases where an economist really nailed it. He really got it exactly right". Moreover, we talk about the need for - and rationale of - economic decentralisation, as laid out by Hayek in "The use of knowledge in society" and then segue into a brief discussion about cryptocurrencies and the opportunities - as well as the problems - it introduces.

#15: Professor Stan du Plessis on Sound and Unsound Money

Gwen Ngwenya

I am joined today (albeit virtually) by the Democratic Alliance's Head of Policy, Gwen Ngwenya. We talk about the effects of the covid-19 pandemic and the response to it, which has compounded, and now threatens to push over the edge, South Africa's fragile economy. We zoom in on the unemployment crisis described by some economists as a "bloodbath". Further, we talk about what can be done in the meantime to ameliorate this bleak outlook. Moreover, we briefly talk about the pending local government elections and what they mean (and do not mean). Gwen clarifies and distinguishes local government elections from national government elections and gives pointers about what to look out for. She further responds to questions posed about the DA and its governance record

I am joined today (albeit virtually) by the Democratic Alliance's Head of Policy, Gwen Ngwenya. We talk about the effects of the covid-19 pandemic and the response to it, which has compounded, and now threatens to push over the edge, South Africa's fragile economy. We zoom in on the unemployment crisis described by some economists as a "bloodbath". Further, we talk about what can be done in the meantime to ameliorate this bleak outlook. Moreover, we briefly talk about the pending local government elections and what they mean (and do not mean). Gwen clarifies and distinguishes local government elections from national government elections and gives pointers about what to look out for. She further responds to questions posed about the DA and its governance record

#14: Gwen Ngwenya on the Covid-19 Pandemic, South Africa's Economy and Local Government Elections

If you have been following the news over the past few months, you will - in all likelihood - have heard about, or witnessed your own organisation enforce, mandatory vaccinations. Joining me to discuss this is Nick Hudson. Nick is an actuary, investor, as well as the co-founder of PANDA. We talk about the distinction (or the lack thereof) between vaccine passports and vaccine mandates as well as whether these are commensurate with liberty. We moreover talk about the consequences of lockdowns and mask mandates, as well as the "lives vs profit" foundation upon which they find fertile tinder. Nick offers his thoughts on this.

If you have been following the news over the past few months, you will - in all likelihood - have heard about, or witnessed your own organisation enforce, mandatory vaccinations. Joining me to discuss this is Nick Hudson. Nick is an actuary, investor, as well as the co-founder of PANDA. We talk about the distinction (or the lack thereof) between vaccine passports and vaccine mandates as well as whether these are commensurate with liberty. We moreover talk about the consequences of lockdowns and mask mandates, as well as the "lives vs profit" foundation upon which they find fertile tinder. Nick offers his thoughts on this.

#13: Nick Hudson (PANDA) on Mandate Mayhem

Joining me for today's conversation is the Commissioner of the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA), Unathi Kamlana. We talk about the twin peaks regulatory model, what gave rise to it, as well as the purpose that it serves. We first zoom in on the Prudential Authority - in which Unathi did some time - and then later, the FSCA. Unathi explains the necessity of banking requirements - which are both qualitative and quantitative in nature - and why they are necessary "barriers to entry".  "Banks are systemically important", he argues. Barriers to entry in a sector as fragile as banking is necessary. Unathi further expands on the FSCA's mandate that is centred around the protection of consumers. He explains the FSCA's decision to fine Viceroy, citing market integrity as one of the main reasons. Moreover, he talks about the funding model of the FSCA. Furthermore, we talk about the FSCA's drive for financial education. South Africans generally have a bad relationship with money. This, in part, can be laid at the lack of education on the subject matter. Unathi argues that this leaves people susceptible to scams. It was at this point that the subject of Bitcoin came up.

Joining me for today's conversation is the Commissioner of the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA), Unathi Kamlana. We talk about the twin peaks regulatory model, what gave rise to it, as well as the purpose that it serves. We first zoom in on the Prudential Authority - in which Unathi did some time - and then later, the FSCA. Unathi explains the necessity of banking requirements - which are both qualitative and quantitative in nature - and why they are necessary "barriers to entry".  "Banks are systemically important", he argues. Barriers to entry in a sector as fragile as banking is necessary. Unathi further expands on the FSCA's mandate that is centred around the protection of consumers. He explains the FSCA's decision to fine Viceroy, citing market integrity as one of the main reasons. Moreover, he talks about the funding model of the FSCA. Furthermore, we talk about the FSCA's drive for financial education. South Africans generally have a bad relationship with money. This, in part, can be laid at the lack of education on the subject matter. Unathi argues that this leaves people susceptible to scams. It was at this point that the subject of Bitcoin came up.

#12: Unathi Kamlana (Commissioner, Financial Sector Conduct Authority) on the Twin Peaks Regulatory Model

Russell Lamberti

I am joined today by Russell Lamberti. Russell is the founder and managing director of ETM Macro Advisors, as well as one of the authors of, "When Money Destroys Nations". We discuss, among other things, the methodology that distinguishes the Austrian school of economics from other, more mainstream economic schools. We then briefly look at the economists that built and popularized the school i.e., Carl Menger, Eugen Bohm-Bawerk, Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Hayek and Murray Rothbard. We further talk about the Great Depression, the Subprime Derivative Crisis, the Mediterranean Sovereign Debt Crisis and Zimbabwe's hyperinflation. Moreover, we talk about the global financial system and its fragilities, and why sound money alternatives are gaining greater acceptance, especially in developing economies.  More info on Mises and his methods: https://mises.org/wire/mises-and-his-methods

I am joined today by Russell Lamberti. Russell is the founder and managing director of ETM Macro Advisors, as well as one of the authors of, "When Money Destroys Nations". We discuss, among other things, the methodology that distinguishes the Austrian school of economics from other, more mainstream economic schools. We then briefly look at the economists that built and popularized the school i.e., Carl Menger, Eugen Bohm-Bawerk, Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Hayek and Murray Rothbard. We further talk about the Great Depression, the Subprime Derivative Crisis, the Mediterranean Sovereign Debt Crisis and Zimbabwe's hyperinflation. Moreover, we talk about the global financial system and its fragilities, and why sound money alternatives are gaining greater acceptance, especially in developing economies. More info on Mises and his methods: <a href="https://mises.org/wire/mises-and-his-methods" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://mises.org/wire/mises-and-his-methods</a>

#11: Russell Lamberti on Austrian Economics

John Steenhuisen

After being in KZN for three weeks, unable to return to Stellenbosch when I had intended to, I am finally back in Stellenbosch podcasting again. My time at home sadly coincided with a very unfortunate set of events that laid bare - for the whole world to see - our fragilities as a country. Joining me to discuss these events is the leader of the Democratic Alliance, John Steenhuisen. We discuss the causes, response, and consequences of the civil unrest that broke out in parts of the country. We then look at what this means for South Africa going forward. How will it affect our international image, fiscus, and political stability? The lives lost, the racial tensions, and the impact on the economy are discussed. John then proposes alternative solutions.

After being in KZN for three weeks, unable to return to Stellenbosch when I had intended to, I am finally back in Stellenbosch podcasting again. My time at home sadly coincided with a very unfortunate set of events that laid bare - for the whole world to see - our fragilities as a country. Joining me to discuss these events is the leader of the Democratic Alliance, John Steenhuisen. We discuss the causes, response, and consequences of the civil unrest that broke out in parts of the country. We then look at what this means for South Africa going forward. How will it affect our international image, fiscus, and political stability? The lives lost, the racial tensions, and the impact on the economy are discussed. John then proposes alternative solutions.

#10: John Steenhuisen on South African unrest

Joining me for today's conversation is Nick Hudson. Nick is an actuary, investor, private equity specialist, and - more importantly for this conversation - one of the cofounders of "Pandemics - data and Analytics", or PANDA. Nick's name has surged to prominence since March 2020 through his efforts to balance the prevailing Covid-19 narrative. I begin by asking him how he's doing, and how he has not yet suffered the kind of career implosion that many vocal, contrarian professionals have suffered. Further, we discuss the origins of PANDA and the relative international success that the organisation has enjoyed. We then explore what it is that caused this success. Nick dismembers the factual (or afactual) basis upon which the prevailing narrative is predicated. He further, and more convincingly, argues against the logic (or lack thereof) and efficacy of lockdowns. We also talk about the vaccines, and the concerns that Nick has about them. Finally, we talk briefly about The Great Barrington Declaration and PANDA’s simpler version of the document which contains solutions, including how we can open up society, following a focused protection approach.

Joining me for today's conversation is Nick Hudson. Nick is an actuary, investor, private equity specialist, and - more importantly for this conversation - one of the cofounders of "Pandemics - data and Analytics", or PANDA. Nick's name has surged to prominence since March 2020 through his efforts to balance the prevailing Covid-19 narrative. I begin by asking him how he's doing, and how he has not yet suffered the kind of career implosion that many vocal, contrarian professionals have suffered. Further, we discuss the origins of PANDA and the relative international success that the organisation has enjoyed. We then explore what it is that caused this success. Nick dismembers the factual (or afactual) basis upon which the prevailing narrative is predicated. He further, and more convincingly, argues against the logic (or lack thereof) and efficacy of lockdowns. We also talk about the vaccines, and the concerns that Nick has about them. Finally, we talk briefly about The Great Barrington Declaration and PANDA’s simpler version of the document which contains solutions, including how we can open up society, following a focused protection approach.

#9: Nick Hudson (PANDA) on the COVID-19 pandemic

Join main host Philasande Shongwe and guests in unwrapping truths about business, entrepreneurship and the economy at night. Nocturnal Unwrap is part of the Nova Mentis youth think tank, where we shut the chaos of the world, identity politics and cancel culture out to frankly and candidly discuss critical and practical solutions for real issues.

Joining me for today's conversation is Professor Stan du Plessis. Prof du Plessis attained his master of philosophy in economics from the University of Cambridge and his PhD in economics from the University of Stellenbosch, where he currently serves as the chief operating officer and professor of macroeconomics. We explore the role played by monetary policy and central banks in stabilising (or destabilising) financial markets. "I am what some would call a 'hard money' guy. That is, I do not think that we should use the central banks to solve all of society's problems, but there are some instances where it is necessary for central banks to step in", says Prof du Plessis. He goes on to support why he thinks this, drawing references from the Great Depression of the 1930's and the Financial Crisis of 2008. What role do prices play in an economy and what are the economic and social costs of price distortions? Why do central banks have the sole right to issue currencies? Should central banks be in the business of setting lending rates, at all? Should we be worried about money printing? These are some of the questions that we explore. The COVID-19 pandemic has also put monetary policy under the microscope. Many central banks around the world have followed expansionary monetary trajectories with the hopes of stimulating the economies over which they preside. Yet, at the same time people have lost their jobs and production has slowed down (and for certain periods grinded to a complete halt), food prices and asset prices have risen concurrently. In other words, the rich have gotten richer, while the food that poorer people rely on for subsistence, has been becoming increasingly unaffordable. What may have caused this? Is it as simple as putting the blame squarely on the shoulders of monetary policy, or are there other, more nuanced explanations? I have a few more questions for Prof du Plessis. Questions to which he has some very insightful and thought-provoking responses.

Joining me for today's conversation is Professor Stan du Plessis. Prof du Plessis attained his master of philosophy in economics from the University of Cambridge and his PhD in economics from the University of Stellenbosch, where he currently serves as the chief operating officer and professor of macroeconomics. We explore the role played by monetary policy and central banks in stabilising (or destabilising) financial markets. "I am what some would call a 'hard money' guy. That is, I do not think that we should use the central banks to solve all of society's problems, but there are some instances where it is necessary for central banks to step in", says Prof du Plessis. He goes on to support why he thinks this, drawing references from the Great Depression of the 1930's and the Financial Crisis of 2008. What role do prices play in an economy and what are the economic and social costs of price distortions? Why do central banks have the sole right to issue currencies? Should central banks be in the business of setting lending rates, at all? Should we be worried about money printing? These are some of the questions that we explore. The COVID-19 pandemic has also put monetary policy under the microscope. Many central banks around the world have followed expansionary monetary trajectories with the hopes of stimulating the economies over which they preside. Yet, at the same time people have lost their jobs and production has slowed down (and for certain periods grinded to a complete halt), food prices and asset prices have risen concurrently. In other words, the rich have gotten richer, while the food that poorer people rely on for subsistence, has been becoming increasingly unaffordable. What may have caused this? Is it as simple as putting the blame squarely on the shoulders of monetary policy, or are there other, more nuanced explanations? I have a few more questions for Prof du Plessis. Questions to which he has some very insightful and thought-provoking responses.

#8: Professor Stan du Plessis on monetary policy and money printing

Joining me for today's conversation is Elze-Mari Thorne. Elze-Mari is a lecturer at the University of Stellenbosch, a Certified Financial Planner, and a member of the Financial Planning Institute of Southern Africa. She holds a postgraduate diploma in Financial Planning and a Master of Business Administration (MBA). In addition, she has more than 15 years of experience in the financial services industry, both local and abroad. We are talking today about the crucially important issue of financial education (or the dire lack thereof). Financial planning seems to be one of the few issues about which everybody is expected to be knowledgeable once they step into the working world, but an issue nonetheless that very few people ever get taught about. The lack of financial education in schools is a recipe for disaster. What it means is that the responsibility of educating young people about finance is delegated to their parents and other members of society (who themselves have no deep knowledge about finances) - thereby prolonging the cycle of financial illiteracy. The conversation with Elze-Mari is to be seen as a discussion, rather than an interview. We touch on family responsibility, budgets, debt, emergency funds, investments and wealth creation, taxation, insurance, and even, marriage. Further, we talk about the role of psychology and how we may need to learn to tame our instincts, if we are to be financially successful. Indeed, few conversation - if any - are more important. We identify and talk very briefly about the available assistance, in the form of financial planners. And crucially, how working with one is not only for those with a lot of money. One cannot overstate the need for greater financial education in schools.

Joining me for today's conversation is Elze-Mari Thorne. Elze-Mari is a lecturer at the University of Stellenbosch, a Certified Financial Planner, and a member of the Financial Planning Institute of Southern Africa. She holds a postgraduate diploma in Financial Planning and a Master of Business Administration (MBA). In addition, she has more than 15 years of experience in the financial services industry, both local and abroad. We are talking today about the crucially important issue of financial education (or the dire lack thereof). Financial planning seems to be one of the few issues about which everybody is expected to be knowledgeable once they step into the working world, but an issue nonetheless that very few people ever get taught about. The lack of financial education in schools is a recipe for disaster. What it means is that the responsibility of educating young people about finance is delegated to their parents and other members of society (who themselves have no deep knowledge about finances) - thereby prolonging the cycle of financial illiteracy. The conversation with Elze-Mari is to be seen as a discussion, rather than an interview. We touch on family responsibility, budgets, debt, emergency funds, investments and wealth creation, taxation, insurance, and even, marriage. Further, we talk about the role of psychology and how we may need to learn to tame our instincts, if we are to be financially successful. Indeed, few conversation - if any - are more important. We identify and talk very briefly about the available assistance, in the form of financial planners. And crucially, how working with one is not only for those with a lot of money. One cannot overstate the need for greater financial education in schools.

#7: Financial education (or the lack thereof) with Elze-Mari Thorne

Leon Schreiber

Stellenbosch University is once again in the spotlight. Once again, it's for its language policy. With "Open Stellenbosch" still fresh in the minds of many, the recent language issues in Stellenbosch have struck a chord with some students.   On the backdrop of several complaints from Afrikaans-speaking students who have been allegedly denied the right to speak Afrikaans, even privately, the Democratic Alliance launched an investigation on the matter.   On the 10th of March, DA leader John Steenhuisen and Stellenbosch Constituency Chair, Dr. Leon Schreiber visited Stellenbosch University to "see for themselves". More students came forth to voice their alleged discrimination.   The accuracy of the testimonies and experiences of these students, however, have not been met with warm hands by the broader Stellenbosch University student community: with some even referring to it as "sensationalism".  Joining me today to unpack this, is Dr. Leon Schreiber. Dr. Schreiber is a DA Member of Parliament, serving as the DA's shadow minister of Public Service and Administration. Dr. Schreiber is in charge of the DA's campaign for the protection of mother tongue education.   Dr. Schreiber goes further to talk about the general concept of multilingualism and why he believes that it is a crucial tenet of the operations of a functional and open society.

Stellenbosch University is once again in the spotlight. Once again, it's for its language policy. With "Open Stellenbosch" still fresh in the minds of many, the recent language issues in Stellenbosch have struck a chord with some students.  On the backdrop of several complaints from Afrikaans-speaking students who have been allegedly denied the right to speak Afrikaans, even privately, the Democratic Alliance launched an investigation on the matter.  On the 10th of March, DA leader John Steenhuisen and Stellenbosch Constituency Chair, Dr. Leon Schreiber visited Stellenbosch University to "see for themselves". More students came forth to voice their alleged discrimination.  The accuracy of the testimonies and experiences of these students, however, have not been met with warm hands by the broader Stellenbosch University student community: with some even referring to it as "sensationalism". Joining me today to unpack this, is Dr. Leon Schreiber. Dr. Schreiber is a DA Member of Parliament, serving as the DA's shadow minister of Public Service and Administration. Dr. Schreiber is in charge of the DA's campaign for the protection of mother tongue education.  Dr. Schreiber goes further to talk about the general concept of multilingualism and why he believes that it is a crucial tenet of the operations of a functional and open society.

#6: Dr. Leon Schreiber on multilingualism and SU Language Policy

Joining me today is a good friend, former academic mentor, and equity analyst at a Johannesburg-based investment firm. Eswee Bothma holds an honours degree in Investment Management from the University of Stellenbosch.  We discuss the structure of the contemporary economy, with particular focus on the banking system and the role of money within it. What is money, exactly? And how does its value accrue? Eswee has an interesting answer to these questions, which help lead him onto some of the different interpretations from different economic schools of thought. He then calls to question the monopoly on the supply of money that governments currently enjoy. He argues that the reason monopolies are so dangerous is because - due to lack of competition - we are at their absolute mercy. The biggest, and perhaps most dangerous monopoly of all, Eswee argues, being that of the government's stronghold on the money supply. "It has the defects of all other monopolies", he says. Inflating and deflating currency supply at will, has wreaked havoc around the world. Why then have we put up with it for so long?  Eswee goes on to suggest that the increased demand for cryptocurrencies is a revolt against this monopoly. A silent revolution, if you will. The markets have headed the call and come up with a ubiquitous money system, uncontrollable by any central authority, and threatening to the power currently enjoyed by governments around the world. Eswee's Austrian economic influences are evident, frequently citing Hayek, Mises and Rothbard to help support his points.  He juxtaposes the Austrian economic views with the more famous (or infamous) Keynesian and Monetarist ones, arguing that the crucial difference with the Austrian school of thought, is that it arrogates no role at all - in the setting of lending and borrowing rates - to central banks! So, according to Eswee, it is not that the central banks are setting the wrong interest rates, but that they shouldn't be in the business of setting interest rates at all! A mind-boggling idea indeed.  We explore what a world without such a monopoly would look like, and why, imperfect though the alternatives may be, the world would be a better place without it.

Joining me today is a good friend, former academic mentor, and equity analyst at a Johannesburg-based investment firm. Eswee Bothma holds an honours degree in Investment Management from the University of Stellenbosch. We discuss the structure of the contemporary economy, with particular focus on the banking system and the role of money within it. What is money, exactly? And how does its value accrue? Eswee has an interesting answer to these questions, which help lead him onto some of the different interpretations from different economic schools of thought. He then calls to question the monopoly on the supply of money that governments currently enjoy. He argues that the reason monopolies are so dangerous is because - due to lack of competition - we are at their absolute mercy. The biggest, and perhaps most dangerous monopoly of all, Eswee argues, being that of the government's stronghold on the money supply. "It has the defects of all other monopolies", he says. Inflating and deflating currency supply at will, has wreaked havoc around the world. Why then have we put up with it for so long? Eswee goes on to suggest that the increased demand for cryptocurrencies is a revolt against this monopoly. A silent revolution, if you will. The markets have headed the call and come up with a ubiquitous money system, uncontrollable by any central authority, and threatening to the power currently enjoyed by governments around the world. Eswee's Austrian economic influences are evident, frequently citing Hayek, Mises and Rothbard to help support his points. He juxtaposes the Austrian economic views with the more famous (or infamous) Keynesian and Monetarist ones, arguing that the crucial difference with the Austrian school of thought, is that it arrogates no role at all - in the setting of lending and borrowing rates - to central banks! So, according to Eswee, it is not that the central banks are setting the wrong interest rates, but that they shouldn't be in the business of setting interest rates at all! A mind-boggling idea indeed. We explore what a world without such a monopoly would look like, and why, imperfect though the alternatives may be, the world would be a better place without it.

#5: Breaking down the biggest monopoly of all with Eswee Bothma

Joining me for today's conversation is John Steenhuisen. John is the leader of South Africa's official opposition party - the Democratic Alliance - as well as (more importantly) a KZN compatriot of mine!  I begin by asking him why he ventured into politics. Was it he who chose politics or was it the other way around? Having been elected as a city councillor at the tender age of 22, it is hardly surprising that John looks with excitement at the increasing involvement of young people in politics today. "The decisions that are being made now in the country are going to affect young people the most," he says. "It is their future that is being decided upon... People who say that they are not interested in politics, well, that might be the case, but politics is very interested in them."  John further asserts that we must direct our efforts towards relieving the plight of students who have had to take to the streets in defiance of a terribly inefficient system put in place by the ruling party. The resentment that has built up in students at the behest of unkept promises by the ruling party, is an ordeal to which John is sympathetic. However, sympathy alone will not solve the problem. John briefly outlines the DA's "workable alternative" to the system currently in place.  We go on to discuss affirmative action (because how could we not), land reform, multilingualism, as well as - more generally - why a growing economy, more than anything else, is the solution to many of our national woes. John insists on providing clarity - where clarity is due - and dispelling some lingering myths. Is the DA colour-blind? Does the DA recognise the injustices of the past, and is it set on alleviating them? Is the DA opposed to land reform? Is the DA hiding behind the fanciful cloak of "multilingualism" when all it wants is to protect the interests of Afrikaans-speaking South Africans? Finally, is the DA just a reactionary organisation existing only to criticize the ruling party?  To help ground the aforementioned questions in reality, I read out some context-specific questions that had been submitted by a few friends of mine.

Joining me for today's conversation is John Steenhuisen. John is the leader of South Africa's official opposition party - the Democratic Alliance - as well as (more importantly) a KZN compatriot of mine! I begin by asking him why he ventured into politics. Was it he who chose politics or was it the other way around? Having been elected as a city councillor at the tender age of 22, it is hardly surprising that John looks with excitement at the increasing involvement of young people in politics today. "The decisions that are being made now in the country are going to affect young people the most," he says. "It is their future that is being decided upon... People who say that they are not interested in politics, well, that might be the case, but politics is very interested in them." John further asserts that we must direct our efforts towards relieving the plight of students who have had to take to the streets in defiance of a terribly inefficient system put in place by the ruling party. The resentment that has built up in students at the behest of unkept promises by the ruling party, is an ordeal to which John is sympathetic. However, sympathy alone will not solve the problem. John briefly outlines the DA's "workable alternative" to the system currently in place. We go on to discuss affirmative action (because how could we not), land reform, multilingualism, as well as - more generally - why a growing economy, more than anything else, is the solution to many of our national woes. John insists on providing clarity - where clarity is due - and dispelling some lingering myths. Is the DA colour-blind? Does the DA recognise the injustices of the past, and is it set on alleviating them? Is the DA opposed to land reform? Is the DA hiding behind the fanciful cloak of "multilingualism" when all it wants is to protect the interests of Afrikaans-speaking South Africans? Finally, is the DA just a reactionary organisation existing only to criticize the ruling party? To help ground the aforementioned questions in reality, I read out some context-specific questions that had been submitted by a few friends of mine.

#4: John Steenhuisen: A candid conversation on South Africa's outlook

I have the great pleasure today of talking to Tian Alberts. While still pursuing his master's in law through the University of Stellenbosch, Tian is also the Chairperson of Nova Mentis. He joins me to unpack questions surrounding the necessity of a "youth platform".  Why do we need a youth platform? What does a youth platform even mean? Tian believes that younger generations need to be having very specific conversations about plans for the future that are not less relevant to older generations but that require implementation by younger generations.   We touch on the decline of the nation state, the revolt against legalised plunder (taxation), a loss of trust in centralised institutions, as well as an affinity to cryptocurrencies. In observing what he sees as an inevitable capitulation of the state, Tian argues that we need to hedge our losses by preparing for a "state-proof existence", which involves financial emigration and protection of assets.   Further, he challenges the concept of there being a monopolistic entity that can hold people accountable, i.e. a government, and thus proposes a push back on this. Tian argues that we should start entertaining the idea of communities forming their own set of rules and self-governing.    Finally, a conversation about values is certainly very important. What are the values that we choose for our organisations, schools, and universities? Do we think about them, or do we swallow and incorporate the "boiler plate" value system that the media and academics have created for us? Values like "diversity" and "inclusivity", Tian argues, are by-and-large not good values. He briefly explains why he thinks that, as well as why he thinks creativity and mutual respect are better values for societies to adopt.

I have the great pleasure today of talking to Tian Alberts. While still pursuing his master's in law through the University of Stellenbosch, Tian is also the Chairperson of Nova Mentis. He joins me to unpack questions surrounding the necessity of a "youth platform".  Why do we need a youth platform? What does a youth platform even mean? Tian believes that younger generations need to be having very specific conversations about plans for the future that are not less relevant to older generations but that require implementation by younger generations. We touch on the decline of the nation state, the revolt against legalised plunder (taxation), a loss of trust in centralised institutions, as well as an affinity to cryptocurrencies. In observing what he sees as an inevitable capitulation of the state, Tian argues that we need to hedge our losses by preparing for a "state-proof existence", which involves financial emigration and protection of assets. Further, he challenges the concept of there being a monopolistic entity that can hold people accountable, i.e. a government, and thus proposes a push back on this. Tian argues that we should start entertaining the idea of communities forming their own set of rules and self-governing.  Finally, a conversation about values is certainly very important. What are the values that we choose for our organisations, schools, and universities? Do we think about them, or do we swallow and incorporate the "boiler plate" value system that the media and academics have created for us? Values like "diversity" and "inclusivity", Tian argues, are by-and-large not good values. He briefly explains why he thinks that, as well as why he thinks creativity and mutual respect are better values for societies to adopt.

#3: The direction of civil discourse with Tian Alberts

Many Constitutions around the world protect the right of its citizens to speak freely. Although the debate pertaining to the extent to which this freedom ought to be extended is still ongoing, there seems to be general consensus about the importance of free speech in democratic countries. But what exactly is freedom of speech and does it extend to one's right to offend other people and/or their beliefs? If so, where is it to be curtailed, by whom, on what grounds and with which ramifications?  Joining me to attempt to answer these questions is Yanga Keva, who in addition to being a postgraduate LLB student and secretary of the Prim committee at the University of Stellenbosch, is a good friend of mine. We begin by recounting a poster campaign that sparked controversy at Stellenbosch University and then segue into a more extensive discussion about where we are as a country in this ongoing debate.  From the Qwelane vs. South African Human Rights Commission court case, to the banning of the gratuitous display of the Apartheid flag, the First Ammendment, the murder of Samuel Paty, the Ayatollah Khomeini's fatwa against Salman Rushdie, Donald Trump, the disinvitation of speakers from university campuses, self-sensorship, as well as how religion fits (or doesn't fit) into the ongoing discussion, Yanga and I get through a lot in a short space of time.

Many Constitutions around the world protect the right of its citizens to speak freely. Although the debate pertaining to the extent to which this freedom ought to be extended is still ongoing, there seems to be general consensus about the importance of free speech in democratic countries. But what exactly is freedom of speech and does it extend to one's right to offend other people and/or their beliefs? If so, where is it to be curtailed, by whom, on what grounds and with which ramifications? Joining me to attempt to answer these questions is Yanga Keva, who in addition to being a postgraduate LLB student and secretary of the Prim committee at the University of Stellenbosch, is a good friend of mine. We begin by recounting a poster campaign that sparked controversy at Stellenbosch University and then segue into a more extensive discussion about where we are as a country in this ongoing debate. From the Qwelane vs. South African Human Rights Commission court case, to the banning of the gratuitous display of the Apartheid flag, the First Ammendment, the murder of Samuel Paty, the Ayatollah Khomeini's fatwa against Salman Rushdie, Donald Trump, the disinvitation of speakers from university campuses, self-sensorship, as well as how religion fits (or doesn't fit) into the ongoing discussion, Yanga and I get through a lot in a short space of time.

#2: Freedom of speech and its various tenets

What are we to make of the lack of racial diversity in the corporate world? Is it to be interpreted as a failure of our post-apartheid government to empower previously marginalised groups, a deliberate attempt by heterosexual white males to hold onto power at the expense of everybody else, or a combination of both? Or should we look closer at what “racial diversity” even means?  Organic growth through grassroots education and inorganic growth through industry quotas have been presented as substitute/complimentary solutions.  Nevertheless, helping people build wealth remains a central conversation within the ranks of various Asset Management firms in South Africa. The development of financial products and accompanying pricing strategies catered to the African populace has been identified as one way of achieving the desired changes.   Joining me to unpack this is a Business Development Manager from one of South Africa’s most established Asset Managers. Luthando Mzilikazi’s experience in the financial services industry has helped her shape her own opinions on the matter. She identifies what she perceives to be the problems and accordingly proposes solutions.

What are we to make of the lack of racial diversity in the corporate world? Is it to be interpreted as a failure of our post-apartheid government to empower previously marginalised groups, a deliberate attempt by heterosexual white males to hold onto power at the expense of everybody else, or a combination of both? Or should we look closer at what “racial diversity” even means?  Organic growth through grassroots education and inorganic growth through industry quotas have been presented as substitute/complimentary solutions. Nevertheless, helping people build wealth remains a central conversation within the ranks of various Asset Management firms in South Africa. The development of financial products and accompanying pricing strategies catered to the African populace has been identified as one way of achieving the desired changes.  Joining me to unpack this is a Business Development Manager from one of South Africa’s most established Asset Managers. Luthando Mzilikazi’s experience in the financial services industry has helped her shape her own opinions on the matter. She identifies what she perceives to be the problems and accordingly proposes solutions.

#1: Does “race diversity” matter in the asset management sector?

Nocturnal Unwrap

The Best Multi-Part Documentaries, with documentaries on Obama, Federer vs Nadal, the making of Star Wars, Netflix vs Blockbuster and more. Add episodes you're interested into your queue below!

Best Multi-Part Documentaries

The best podcast episodes on non-current politics. Covering topics such as universal basic income, democracy, poverty & justice and more. For anyone interested in learning more about politics that affect that world, not just now, but in the longer term. Add episodes you're interested into your queue below!