07-Chinese phrases-directions

*Notes:

east=东=dōng
south=南=nán
west=西=xī
north=北=běi

up=上=shàng
down=下=xià
left=左=zuǒ**
right=右=yòu**

**common Idiom(used very often):
左右为难=zuǒ yòu wéi nán=in an awkward predicament/in a Dilemma

front=前=qián
behind=后=hòu

inside=里=lǐ(=内=nèi)
outside=外=wài

**common Idiom(used very often):
里外不是人=lǐ wài bú shì rén=Inside and outside not a human being/oneself=have difficulty in conducting within and without

06-Chinese phrases- verbs

*Notes

to come = 来 = lái
to go = 去 = qù

to do/make = 做 = zuò

to have = 有 = yǒu
do not have = 没有 = méi yǒu

to wait = 等 = děng
to leave = 离开 = lí kāi

to open/ turn on/switch on = 开 = kāi
to close/ turn off / switch off = 关 = guān

to take/ to hold (in hands)= 拿 = ná
to carry = 提 = tí

to sit = 坐 = zuò
to stand = 站 = zhàn
to lie down = 躺 = tǎng

to walk = 走 = zǒu
to escape = 逃走 = táo zǒu
to run = 跑 = pǎo
to jump = 跳 = tiào
to fly = 飞 = fēi

to sleep= 睡觉 = shuì jiào
to wake up = 起床 = qǐ chuáng

going outside = 出 = chū
going inside= 入 = rù
going up = 上 = shàng
going down = 下 = xià

to push = 推 = tuī
to pull = 拉 = lā

*Notes

America =（美国）= měi guó
Australia =（澳大利亚） = ào dà lì yà
Brazil =（巴西）= bā xī
Canada =（加拿大）=jiā ná dà
China =（中国）= zhōng guó
Egypt =（埃及）= āi jí
England =（英国） =yīng guó
France =（法国） = fǎ guó
Germany =（德国） = dé guó
Greece =（希腊） =xī là
India =（印度）= yìn dù
Italy =（意大利）= yì dà lì
Japan =（日本）= rì běn
The Netherlands =（荷兰）= hé lán
Russia =（俄国） = ér guó
Spain =（西班牙） = xī bān yá
Sweden =（瑞典） = rùi diǎn
Switzerland =（瑞士) = rùi shì

Notes
*week days in Chinese= week + 1,2,3,4,5,6,day(Sunday)

(formal)
Monday=星期一 = xīng qī yī
Tuesday=星期二 = xīng qī èr
Wednesday =星期三=xīng qī sān
Thursday=星期四=xīng qī sì
Friday=星期五=xīng qī wǔ
Saturday=星期六=xīng qī lìu
Sunday=星期天=xīng qī tiān

(informal)
Monday=周一 =zhōu yī
Tuesday=周二 =zhōu èr
Wednesday=周三=zhōu sān
Thursday=周四=zhōu sì
Friday=周五=zhōu wǔ
Saturday=周六=zhōu lìu
Sunday=周日=zhōu rì

last monday= 上周一 = shàng zhōu yī
this monday= 这周一 = zhè zhōu yī
next monday= 下周一 = xià zhōu yī

*Week=星期=xīng qī (formal)=周=zhōu（informal)
*Day=天=tiān(formal)=日=rì (informal)
*last = 上 = shàng
*this = 这 = zhè
**next = 下 = xià

-----there isn't much different between formal and informal, they are both used very often.

*Notes:

excuse me( may i ask you a question?）= 请问= qǐng wèn

how to go… = ……怎么走？= ……zěn me zǒu?

where is … = ……在哪里？= ……zài ná lǐ ?

railway station = 火车站 = huǒ chē zhàn

toilet = 厕所 = cè suǒ

excuse me, how to go to railway station? = 请问，火车站怎么走？= qǐng wèn，huǒ chē zhàn zěn me zǒu?

excuse me, where is toilet? = 请问，厕所在哪里？= qǐng wèn，cè suǒ zài ná lǐ ?

**grammar notes:

(English)-how to go (place A)? = （Chinese)-(place A) how to go?

(English)-where is (place A)? = （Chinese)-(place A) is where?

22-Chinese phrases-mandarin-Telephone something

*Notes

My/Mine=我的=wǒ de
your/ yours=你的=nǐ de
his=他的=tā de

Mobile= 手机=shǒu jī
My mobile=我的手机=wǒ de shǒu jī

Mobile No.=手机号码=shǒu jī hào ma
your Mobile No.=你的手机号码=nǐ de shǒu jī hào ma
**May I have your mobile No.?
=can-give me-your-mobile No.-?
=能-给我-你的-手机号码-吗？
=néng-gěi wǒ-nǐ de-shǒu jī hào ma-mā?

fixed tel=座机=zuò jī
fixed tel.No.=座机号码=zuò jī hào ma

to make a phone call=打个电话=dǎ ge diàn huà
i will call you=我打给你=wǒ dǎ gěi nǐ.

to send=发=fā
to reply=回=huí
SMS=短信=duǎn xìn
MMS=彩信=cǎi xìn
to send sms=发短信=fā duǎn xìn
to reply sms=回短信=huí duǎn xìn

Signal=信号=xìn hào
the signal is good= 信号好=xìn hào hǎo
the signal is bad=信号差=xìn hào chà

*some words you can just speak english, Chinese people speak same same, e.g: WIFI,3G(three G=sān G),call, Hello, Bye.etc.

21-Chinese phrases-mandarin-Household electrical appliances

*Notes

TV set= 电视机=diàn shì jī

Electric light=电灯=diàn dēng

Computer=电脑=diàn nǎo

Laptop=手提电脑=shǒu tí diàn nǎo

Fan=风扇=fēng shàn

Air conditioning=空调=kōng tiáo

Refrigerator=冰箱=bīng xiāng

Washing machine=洗衣机=xǐ yī jī

Water heater=热水器=rè shuǐ qì

Cooker hoods/Kitchen ventilator=抽油烟机=chōu yóu yān jī

Disinfection cupboard=消毒碗柜=xiāo dú wǎn guì

Microwave=微波炉=wēi bō lú

Oven=烤箱=kǎo xiāng

Induction Cooker=电磁炉=diàn cí lú

*Notes

Cantonese cuisine= 粤菜=yuè cài
Hakka cuisine=客家菜=kè jiā cài
*(from south China,not spicy,healthy)

Sichuan cuisine=川菜=chuān cài
Hunan cuisine=湘菜=xiāng cài
*(from middle China, spicy,delicious)

Xinjiang cuisine=新疆菜=xīn jiāng cài
Dongbei cuisine=东北菜=dōng běi cài
*(from north China,Handmade noodles）

Jiangzhe cuisine=江浙菜=jiāng zhè cài
Shanghai cuisine=上海菜=shàng hǎi cài
*(from east China,they like add sugar when cooking）

**which cuisine you would like to eat today?=today you would like to eat which cuisine?=今天你想吃什么菜？=jīn tiān ní xiǎng chī shěn me cài?

**what about Cantonese cuisine?=粤菜怎么样？=yuè cài zěn me yàng?

**very good, let's go eat cantonese cuisine.=很好，我们去吃粤菜吧。=hén hǎo, wǒ men qù chī yuè cài ba.

that's too many kinds of chinese cuisine, here are the most popular ones for you guys.enjoy.

*Notes: characters here are formal writing for checks.

0= 零 =líng
1= 壹 =yī
2= 贰 =èr
3= 叁 =sān
4= 肆 =sì
5= 伍 =wǔ
6= 陆 =liù
7= 柒 =qī
8= 捌 =bā
9= 玖 =jiǔ
10= 拾 =shí

11=shí yī
12=shí èr
.......etc.

20=èr shí
30=sān shí
.......etc.

100= 佰 =yī bǎi
200=èr bǎi
.......etc.

1,000= 仟 =yī qiān
2,000= èr qiān
.......etc.

10,000= 万 = yī wàn
100,000=shí wàn
1,000,000=yī bǎi wàn
10,000,000=yī qiān wàn
100,000,000= 亿 =yī yì

19-Chinese phrases-mandarin-How to express common illness

*Notes

I'm sick=我生病了=wǒ shēng bìng le
I have a headache=我头疼=wǒ tóu téng
I feel dizzy=我头晕=wǒ tóu yūn
I caught a cold=我感冒了=wǒ gǎn mào le
I feel fatigued=我觉得乏力=wǒ jué de fá lì
I have a fever=我发烧=wǒ fā shāo
My throat inflamed=我喉咙发炎=wǒ hóu lóng fā yán
I have a stuffy nose=我鼻塞=wǒ bí sè
I have a cough=我咳嗽=wǒ ké sòu
I have stomach pain=我肚子痛=wǒ dù zi tòng
I have diarrhea=我拉肚子=wǒ lā dù zi
I have insomnia=我失眠=wǒ shī mián
I have a toothache=我牙疼=wǒ yá téng