The DARPA Launch Challenge has been officially unveiled, so I spent some time breaking down the competition and speculating about who will enter and what DARPA wants out of it.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 30 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Jamison, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Jasper, Chris, Warren, Bob, Brian, Russell, John, Moritz, Tyler, Joel, Jan, David, Grant, and six anonymous—and 158 other supporters on Patreon.

• DARPA Launch Challenge
• Rocket Lab
• Virgin Orbit
• Vector
• Astra Space preparing for suborbital test launch - SpaceNews.com
• Firefly Aerospace
• Relativity Space
• Stratolaunch
• ARCA | Engineering The Future
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SpaceX officially announced their first Red Dragon mission to Mars, which will pave the way for future missions. They also posted new performance metrics for Falcon 9 and Heavy, which position the launch vehicles very differently in the market. And a brief discussion of the potential political fallout over the OA-6 launch anomaly.

• By the Numbers: How close Atlas V came to Failure in this Week’s Cygnus Launch – Cygnus OA-6 | Spaceflight101
• OA-6: Atlas V booster shortcomings due to MRCV anomaly | NASASpaceFlight.com
• Mixture ratio valve the culprit in Atlas 5 anomaly, next launch this summer – Spaceflight Now
• HASC doubles Air Force allotment of RD-180 engines, focuses funding on building its replacement - SpaceNews.com
• Capabilities & Services | SpaceX
• SpaceX's new price chart illustrates performance cost of reusability - SpaceNews.com
• SpaceX plans to debut Red Dragon with 2018 Mars mission | NASASpaceFlight.com
• Can SpaceX really land on Mars? Absolutely, says an engineer who would know | Ars Technica
• NASA Talk - Mars Entry, Descent and Landing with Humans
• Space Act Agreement SAA-QA-14-18883
• Space Act Agreement SAA-QA-14-18883, Amendment 1
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SpaceX launched Falcon Heavy last week and shook up the space launch world. I spend some time thinking through SpaceX’s motivations for building Falcon Heavy, and what its effects might be on the world around it.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 27 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Jamison, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Jasper, Chris, Warren, Bob, Brian, Russell, John, Moritz, Tyler, Laszlo, and six anonymous—and 125 other supporters on Patreon.

• 05 - The Volume of Anti-Starmanism | Off-Nominal
• Falcon Heavy Demo from the Press Site - YouTube
• Falcon Heavy Test Flight - YouTube
• Military certification the next big test for Falcon Heavy - SpaceNews.com
• SES Rethinks GEO Model - Main Engine Cut Off
• SpaceX no longer planning crewed missions on Falcon Heavy - SpaceNews.com
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Eric Berger, Senior Space Editor at Ars Technica, joins me to talk SLS/Orion, New Space vs. Old Space, space policy in the Trump administration, and why the fight might not be settled until 2020.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 10 executive producers—Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Laszlo, and four anonymous—and 46 other supporters on Patreon.

• Eric Berger (@SciGuySpace) | Twitter
• Eric Berger | Ars Technica
• Senior official: NASA will delay first flight of new SLS rocket until 2019 | Ars Technica
• EM-1 Officially Slips to 2019 - Main Engine Cut Off
• New Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act Coming Soon™ - Main Engine Cut Off
• Inside NASA’s daring $8 billion plan to finally find extraterrestrial life | Ars Technica
• The world’s two most powerful telescopes are glorious—and vulnerable | Ars Technica
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SpaceX landed another Falcon 9 first stage on their drone ship—this time on a GTO launch, which is a major milestone on their way to full reusability and Falcon Heavy flights. Orbital ATK’s Antares launch vehicle is set for an early July return to flight, and they’re in the planning stages of a new heavy-launch vehicle.

• Falcon 9 launches with JCSAT-14 – lands another stage | NASASpaceFlight.com
• SpaceX undecided on payload for first Falcon Heavy flight – Spaceflight Now
• Antares Fact Sheet
• Key return to flight milestone looms for Antares rocket – Spaceflight Now
• Orbital ATK eye VAB and MLP for potential EELV-class rocket | NASASpaceFlight.com
• Jeff Foust on Twitter: “Dave Thompson: Orbital ATK starting work on a “modular” large launch vehicle; Air Force contract earlier this year covers initial work.”
• Jeff Foust on Twitter: “Thompson: decision in the first half of next year on whether to proceed; overall program would take about four years.”
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SpaceX launched two missions last weekend, flew new titanium grid fins on Falcon 9, and are really picking up the pace. And Blue Origin got cozy with the Alabama Launch Alliance by announcing that they’ll build the BE-4 production facility in Huntsville—if the engine is chosen for Vulcan.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 15 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Laszlo, Jamison, Guinevere, Nadim, Peter, and four anonymous—and 55 other supporters on Patreon.

• SpaceX Doubleheader — Main Engine Cut Off
• NASASpaceflight on Twitter
• United Launch Alliance Issues Layoff Notices at Vandenberg AFB | Business - Noozhawk.com
• Blue Origin retains engine lead as House considers limitations on launch system funding - SpaceNews.com
• What just happened between Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin and Alabama? | AL.com
• Aerojet Rocketdyne bringing 800 rocket jobs to Alabama | AL.com
• The Alabama Launch Alliance - Main Engine Cut Off
• Thornberry Walks Back Vulcan Intervention - Main Engine Cut Off
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Boeing’s proposal won Phases 2 and 3 of DARPA’s XS-1 program, and I’m pretty bummed about it. And the Air Force announced that SpaceX will launch the fifth X-37B mission in August.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 14 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Laszlo, Jamison, Guinevere, Nadim, and four anonymous—and 52 other supporters on Patreon.

• Thoughts on XS-1 - Main Engine Cut Off
• DARPA selects Boeing for spaceplane project - SpaceNews.com
• Bulgariasat launch realigns; SpaceX secures X-37B launch contract | NASASpaceFlight.com
• SpaceX will launch next secret X-37 Air Force mission - SpaceNews.com
• Tory Bruno says ULA didn’t get to compete for Air Force X-37B launch that went to SpaceX - SpaceNews.com
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SpaceX made history this week by launching SES-10 with a previously-flown first stage. I discuss implications of this achievement, the things we learned from Elon Musk in the post-flight press briefing, and the doubters, as always.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 8 executive producers—Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, and three anonymous—and 41 other supporters on Patreon.

• SES-10 Hosted Webcast - YouTube
• Press event with Elon Musk - Everyday Astronaut
• SES, SpaceX, and the Steady Beat of Progress - Main Engine Cut Off
• One More Step - Main Engine Cut Off
• SpaceX’s reusability effort faces one more big challenge — Space Intel Report
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Elon Musk took the stage at the IAC this week and unveiled SpaceX’s architecture for their planetary exploration and colonization plans. Jake from WeMartians and I discuss our initial reactions to and takeaways from the event.

• WeMartians | Follow humanity's journey to Mars
• Mars | SpaceX
• Making Humans a Multiplanetary Species - YouTube
• Full Presentation Slides (PDF)
• IAC - International Astronautical Congress | September 26th - 30th 2016 Guadalajara, Mexico
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Orbital ATK and Lockheed Martin unveiled proposals for space stations around the Moon by 2020, and Mars by 2028. ExoMars 2016 completed a functionality analysis test ahead of its October arrival at Mars. China revealed plans for its third space station, and is set to launch a new rocket, with a new spacecraft, from a new launch site in June.

• Orbital ATK Advocates Cislunar Outpost as America's Next Step in Human Space Exploration | Orbital ATK News Room
• Mars Base Camp · Lockheed Martin
• Orbital ATK unveils cislunar habitat plan, potential missions for SLS and Orion | NASASpaceFlight.com
• Lockheed Martin outlines plan to send humans to Mars orbit by 2028 - SpaceFlight Insider
• Thales Alenia Space-built ExoMars spacecraft completes functionality analysis. All is nominal on board | Thales Group
• China reveals design for planned Tiangong 3 space station - SpaceFlight Insider
• China to debut new rocket and spaceport next month – Spaceflight Now
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Tim Dodd, the Everyday Astronaut, joins me to talk all about SpaceX’s Starship, its history thus far, it’s nearly-impossible-to-keep-up-with development in the open, and what we may see in the coming months. We make some timeline predictions, talk about the predicament of Boca Chica, and both randomly stumble into completely unsupported theories.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 37 executive producers—Brandon, Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Chris, Warren, Bob, Russell, John, Moritz, Joel, Jan, Grant, Mike, David, Mints, Joonas, Robb, Tim Dodd the Everyday Astronaut, Frank, Julian and Lars from Agile Space, Tommy, Adam, and six anonymous—and 345 other supporters.

Topics

• Everyday Astronaut
• Everyday Astronaut (@Erdayastronaut) / Twitter
• Everyday Astronaut - YouTube
• Starship | SpaceX
• Starship Development Thread - r/spacex
• A conversation with Elon Musk about Starship - YouTube
• Is SpaceX's Raptor engine the king of rocket engines? - YouTube
• Are Aerospikes Better Than Bell Nozzles? - YouTube

The Show

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• Music by Max Justus

NASA selected six companies, as part of the NextSTEP program, to develop ground prototypes of deep space habitats, and the Centaur could live on as a wet workshop. Orbital ATK pushed OA-5 to late September. SpaceX landed yet another stage on the ASDS, and have up to 9 more launches planned for 2016.

• NextSTEP Pushes Forward to Ground Prototypes - Main Engine Cut Off
• NextSTEP Partners Develop Ground Prototypes to Expand our Knowledge of Deep Space Habitats
• OA-5 Slips to Late September - Main Engine Cut Off
• OA-5 Mission Page
• Gwynne Shotwell at SmallSat: First Raptor Shipped to McGregor - Main Engine Cut Off
• A Look at SpaceX’s Remaining 2016 Manifest - Main Engine Cut Off
• SpaceX successfully launches JCSat-16 satellite, faces crowded end-year manifest - SpaceNews.com
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Eric Berger returns to the show to talk about Elon Musk and SpaceX’s crusade against cost-plus contracting, the end of Red Dragon, where NASA policy is heading, and what SpaceX may have in store for the Air Force’s next round of development contracts.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 16 executive producers—Kris, Mike, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Laszlo, Jamison, Guinevere, Nadim, Peter, and four anonymous—and 63 other supporters on Patreon.

• Eric Berger (@SciGuySpace) | Twitter
• Elon Musk knows what’s ailing NASA—costly contracting | Ars Technica
• Elon Musk’s Mars rocket may be about to lose half of its engines | Ars Technica
• SpaceX appears to have pulled the plug on its Red Dragon plans | Ars Technica
• Farewell, Red Dragon - Main Engine Cut Off
• SpaceX goes there—seeks government funds for deep space | Ars Technica
• NASA finally admits it doesn’t have the funding to land humans on Mars | Ars Technica
• Op-ed: We love you SpaceX, and hope you reach Mars. But we need you to focus. | Ars Technica
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Peter Beck, Founder, CEO, and CTO of Rocket Lab, joins me to talk about what they’ve been up to with Electron and Photon, as well as some of their new offerings like ground station support through KSAT and Photon missions to the Moon.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 38 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Chris, Warren, Bob, Russell, John, Moritz, Joel, Jan, David, Grant, Mike, David, Mints, Joonas, Robb, Tim Dodd the Everyday Astronaut, Frank, Julian and Lars from Agile Space, Tommy, Adam, Sam, and six anonymous—and 296 other supporters.

• Peter Beck (@Peter_J_Beck) | Twitter
• Rocket Lab | Frequent and reliable access launch is now a reality | Rocket Lab
• Rocket Lab (@RocketLab) | Twitter
• Rocket Lab - YouTube
• Rocket Lab | Electron - satellite launch vehicle | Rocket Lab
• Photon | Rocket Lab
• Rocket Lab successfully launches ninth Electron mission, deploys payload to highest orbit yet | Rocket Lab
• Rocket Lab partners with Kongsberg Satellite Services for Electron and Photon ground station support | Rocket Lab
• Rocket Lab to deliver payloads to the Moon and beyond with Photon | Rocket Lab
• Rocket Lab | Become a pioneer
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• Music by Max Justus

Before Mars and exploration-centric talk, I talk about Orbital ATK’s agreement for exclusive use of LMP-103S. Then I take a hard look at the post-EM-1 roadmap for SLS, and theorize some potential uses for SpaceX’s giant Mars-bound rocket—lovingly referred to as the Big F…alcon… Rocket (BFR).

• Orbital ATK and ECAPS Sign Agreement for Exclusive Use of LMP-103S - Main Engine Cut Off
• Orbital ATK News Room
• EM-1 Still on for Late 2018, SLS’ Second Flight Still A Mystery - Main Engine Cut Off
• First SLS mission on schedule for fall 2018 launch - SpaceNews.com
• Battle of the Heavyweight Rockets – SLS could face Exploration Class rival | NASASpaceFlight.com
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I spend some time thinking through what the future of the ISS holds, and what may come after it.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 17 executive producers—Kris, Mike, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Jamison, Guinevere, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, and four anonymous—and 65 other supporters on Patreon.

• The Space Review: Pondering the future of the International Space Station
• T+20: Mike Johnson, Chief Designer at NanoRacks on NanoRacks’ History, NextSTEP, and Wet Workshops - Main Engine Cut Off
• NanoRacks | The Operating System of Space
• NanoRacks To Catalyze Concepts for Deep Space Habitats
• Bigelow Aerospace
• Axiom Space
• The Space Show, 01/06/2017, Michael Suffredini, Amir Blachman, Axiom Space
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Tory Bruno wrote an op-ed in SpaceNews regarding Vulcan and its future, and he announced that ULA will be upgrading Centaur. Elon Musk spent some time on reddit talking about BFR and updating us on some of the details.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 21 executive producers—Kris, Mike, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Jamison, Guinevere, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Jasper, Chris, and five anonymous—and 92 other supporters on Patreon.

• Off-Nominal
• Off-Nominal - Main Engine Cut Off
• FA8811-17-9-0001; Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) Launch Service Agreements (LSA) Request for Proposals (RFP) - Federal Business Opportunities: Opportunities
• Op-ed | Building on a successful record in space to meet the challenges ahead - SpaceNews.com
• Op-ed by Tory Bruno | Building on a successful record in space to meet the challenges ahead : ula
• /u/ToryBruno on reddit
• T+45: 2018 Air Force Launch Vehicle Contracts, and the Dim Future of Antares - Main Engine Cut Off
• House Members Ask Air Force to Fund Vehicles, Not Components - Main Engine Cut Off
• House Armed Services Committee Markup of 2018 NDAA - Main Engine Cut Off
• /u/ElonMusk on reddit
• I am Elon Musk, ask me anything about BFR! : space
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This week, Blue Origin shed some more light on New Glenn—by way of an animation, launch agreements, and a talk by Jeff Bezos at Satellite 2017—and the first fully-assembled BE-4 shipped to their test site in Texas for a hot firing. I discuss the new details we learned and how New Glenn will fit into the industry in the 2020s.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 6 executive producers—Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, and two anonymous—and 36 other supporters on Patreon.

• Introducing New Glenn - YouTube
• New Glenn Specs, Customers, and More - Main Engine Cut Off
• Eutelsat signs up for Blue Origin’s New Glenn launcher - Eutelsat Corporate
• Blue Origin on Twitter: “Five more launches for #NewGlenn! Excited to announce our second commercial customer #OneWebForAll”
• Jeff Bezos on Twitter: “1st BE-4 engine fully assembled. 2nd and 3rd following close behind. #GradatimFerociter”
• Decision on Vulcan engine could slip to 2017 - SpaceNews.com
• Blue Origin Sheds a Bit of Light on Its Rocket Program - Commercial Spacecraft - Jeff Bezos - The New York Times - The New York Times (January, 2007!)
• The Delta Clipper Experimental Archive
• Delta Clipper Experimental Advanced (DCXA) Reusable Launch Vehicle - YouTube
• Details on Blue Origin Launch Site and Recovery - Main Engine Cut Off
• SpaceX Gets “Partial Win” in Blue Origin Patent Dispute
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Chris Gebhardt of NASASpaceflight joins me to talk all things SpaceX: Starship and its upcoming hopper tests, DM-1 and the government shutdown, and more.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 34 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Jamison, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Jasper, Chris, Warren, Bob, Russell, John, Moritz, Joel, Jan, David, Grant, Mike, David, Mints, Joonas, Robb, Tim Dodd the Everyday Astronaut, and six anonymous—and 213 other supporters on Patreon.

• Chris G - NSF (@ChrisG_NSF) | Twitter
• NASASpaceFlight.com
• SpaceX gearing up for Starship tests at Boca Chica – NASASpaceFlight.com
• Falcon 9 with Dragon 2 rolls out for DM-1 dry dress rehearsal at 39A – NASASpaceFlight.com
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Caleb Henry got a great scoop on some changes Blue Origin is making to New Glenn. I think through why these changes may have been made and what these changes could mean for the near future.

This episode of Main Engine Cut Off is brought to you by 27 executive producers—Kris, Pat, Matt, Jorge, Brad, Ryan, Jamison, Nadim, Peter, Donald, Lee, Jasper, Chris, Warren, Bob, Brian, Russell, John, Moritz, Tyler, Laszlo, Joel, and six anonymous—and 150 other supporters on Patreon.

• Main Engine Cut Off Shop
• Main Engine Cut Off on Twitter: “🚨 New shirts alert! 🚨 Just put up 4 new shirts over in the MECO shop. Really excited about these.”
• Blue Origin switches engines for New Glenn second stage - SpaceNews.com
• Blue Origin Switches to BE-3U for New Glenn Second Stage - Main Engine Cut Off
• Blue Origin ramping up BE-4 engine testing – NASASpaceFlight.com
• Two Weeks Until “The Stick” Gets Its Name - Main Engine Cut Off
• FA8811-17-9-0001; Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) Launch Service Agreements (LSA) Request for Proposals (RFP) - Federal Business Opportunities: Opportunities
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